Surface temperature characteristics of six typical underlying surfaces, namely, asphalt pavement, cement pavement, grass, marble pavement, pavement bricks and grass-planting bricks, were observed with thermal infrared imaging technology. The diurnal and seasonal variations of surface temperature of different underlying surfaces were systematically analyzed. By means of the standard deviation (SD), the temporal and spatial microclimatic dynamic characteristics of different underlying surface temperature were revealed. The results are as following. 1) Diurnal variation of surface temperature of different underlying surfaces present unimodal pattern, diurnal variation of grass surface temperature changes greatly from season to season. Asphalt surface temperature is highest among the whole year, having a great effect on thermal environment while temperatures of grass-planting bricks and marble pavement are the lowest, having a relief effect on thermal environment, especially in summer. 2) The daily average temperature of different underlying surfaces are higher than air temperature, showing that underlying surface keeps heating the air throughout the year. 3) The underlying surface temperature is strongly affected by air temperature, relative humidity and solar radiation. Air temperature and solar radiation are positively related with surface temperature, showing that air temperature and solar radiation play a role in warming the land surface. On the contrary, relative humidity is negatively correlated with surface temperature, turning out that relative humidity plays a role in cooling the land surface. 4) Grass-planting bricks have a more stable thermal environment than grass and marble bricks. Temperature changing characteristic of asphalt pavement best represents the spatial and temporal variation characteristics regarding the temperature of underlying surface. The results have certain reference significance for knowing thermal environment of different urban underlying surfaces, while providing scientific evidence for alleviating urban thermal environment.

To study the driving factors underlying the bottled water consumption growth, the bounds testing analysis for Guangdong Province between the bottled water consumption and the GDP indexes, the student number and the number of overnight tourist was performed. The results indicated that there existed a long-run relationship between the bottled water consumption and these factors. The subsequent autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and error correction model (ECM) analysis concluded that the income level was positively related with the bottled water consumption in the long run and short run. Moreover, the growth of the selected two particular sectors, the education sector and the tourism sector, was also positively related with the bottled water consumption. Additionally, the tourism had a larger influence on the bottled water consumption than the education sector in the long run, and the education sector exhibited some substitutability of bottled water consumption. Therefore, with the increase of the income level and development of the tourism and education sector, the energy problems and other environmental problems behind the bottled water consumption will not be negligible.

Based on the questionnaires of consumers in Shenzhen, and analysis the data with Nested Logit model, the customer’s choice preference was studied. The result shows that different people have different preference of new energy vehicles: younger people prefer HEV; women and high education group prefer PHEV the elder, low income and low education groups prefer BEV. The results provide a reference for government and enterprise to market segmentation and product improvement, which is essential to improve air quality.